This isn't completely unheard of. The Pope isn't the first to criticize free markets like this.
In Latin America, you often hear of socialism for capitalist purposes. This is socialists recognize that the capitalist system has been subverted by socialists themselves. Many capitalists are actually lazy bums who deliberately engage in office politics to manipulate their fellow workers by putting reputation and appearances before actually being responsible in the workplace.
In turn, the goal is to be socialist in order to remove those socialists from power and purify the capitalist system. You especially see this in context of American cultural imperialism where American foreign direct investment has lead to the social alienation of Latin American natives via free trade. That is Americans have corrupted the rules such that natives are impeded from becoming independently economically successful.
The Pope is basically doing the same thing. He recognizes how capitalism is corrupt right now, so he's sympathizing with the victims of corruption. One should remember that Catholics don't believe in the performance of good works to represent a predestined calling, but corruption is basically just that. It's where people are judged for how they behave because other people don't like them. The Pope is basically trying to get rid of that attitude and reinvigorate the real basis of private property.
As a liberal, I can relate. There are many anti-intellectual conservatives out there who corrupt capitalism by judging others as lazy not because others are lazy, but because others aren't doing what conservatives want.